What is diabetes?
Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the blood sugar level is too high. Blood glucose is the main source of energy and it comes from the food you eat. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas, it takes glucose from food and gets into your cells to produce energy. Diabetes is caused when the pancreas is no longer able to make insulin. Your body needs insulin to transform glucose into energy.
Symptoms of diabetes:
The common diabetes symptoms are frequent urination, blurry vision, even though you are eating you feel hungry, feeling thirsty, if you have burns or cuts that take much time to heal, and weight loss. Early detection and treatment can decrease the risk of developing diabetes.
Different types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes can be developed at any age though it often appears during childhood or adolescence. It is a long-term state in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin in your body. It appears in adolescence. In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin but in some people, it may refer to this type as insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile diabetes. Around 10% of all diabetes cases are this type. Type 1 diabetes symptoms are excessive thirst, hunger, sweating, excessive urination, fast heart rate, headache, sleepiness, and weight loss. Type1 diabetes treatment consists of insulin and patients with type 1 diabetes will need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life, maintain normal blood sugar levels through regular monitoring, insulin therapy, diet, and exercise. They must also make sure that proper blood glucose levels are met by carrying out regular blood tests.
Type 2 diabetes:
Type 2 diabetesis the most common type it can develop at any age and it is more common in people who are older than 40. It is a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar and with this, the body either does not produce enough insulin or it resists insulin. Around 90% of the cases in the world are type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes symptoms are excessive hunger, excessive thirst, weight gain, or weight loss, frequent urination. Type 2 diabetes treatment consists of self-care and antidiabetic medications and it includes diet, exercise, medication, and insulin therapy.
Gestational diabetes:
Gestational diabetes has high blood sugar during pregnancy usually has no symptoms. People who have gestational diabetes are at higher risk of getting type 2 diabetes. Diabetes symptoms are you might feel a little thirstier than normal, excessive hunger, frequent urination. Diabetes treatment consists of changes in their diet and it includes daily blood sugar level check, a healthy diet, exercise. If the blood sugar level is too high then medication is required.
Hypoglycemia diabetes:
Hypoglycaemia diabetes occurs when someone with diabetes does not have enough sugar in the blood and low blood sugar it happens when the level of sugar or glucose in your blood drops too low to fuel the body and you might feel sweaty, hungry, sleepy, weak, and anxious.
Hyperglycemia diabetes:
Hyperglycemia, high blood sugar, causes many warning signs of diabetes symptoms such as heavy thirst, more hunger, weight loss, blurry vision, fatigue, and skin infections.
HHNS (Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome):
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome(HHNS) is a serious complication and it can lead to diabetic coma and even death with either type of diabetes, through its more common type 2. It occurs when your blood sugar level is too high and your body gets extremely dehydrated. HHNS’s diabetes symptoms are dry mouth, extreme thirst, dry skin, high fever, vision loss, and sleepiness.
What are the causes of diabetes?
Diabetes mainly depends on your health, your family history, and environmental factors. There is no certain diabetes cause that is suitable for every type of diabetes as the causes of diabetes depending on the individual and the type.
Causes of Type 1:
In type 1 diabetes , the immune system will destroy the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin in your body. This causes diabetes by leaving the body without sufficient insulin to function normally.
There are no specific diabetes causes, but they may be undergoing some causes like a viral infection, bacterial infection, chemical toxins within food, and unidentified components causing an autoimmune reaction.
Causes of type 2:
Type 2 diabetes causes are usually multiple factors. Generally, the most important factor is your family history of type 2 diabetes.
There are a variety of risk factors for type 2 diabetes, which increases the chances of developing the condition. These include obesity, increasing age, and not maintaining a proper diet.
Causes of gestational diabetes:
There are a number of risk factors that increase the chances of developing conditions like family history, being overweight, and suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome.
Risk factors of diabetes:
Check family history:
If your family members have diabetes, chances are strong you may get it. Anyone who has a mother, father with type 1 diabetes should get checked.
Pancreas disease:
They may slow its ability to make insulin.
Infection:
Some infections and illnesses, mostly rare ones can damage your pancreas.
Obesity:
This is the top reason for type 2 diabetes, because of the rise in obesity among children this type is affecting more teenagers.
Insulin resistance:
Type 2 diabetes often starts with cells that are resistant to insulin. That means your pancreas has to work extra hard to make enough insulin to meet your body’s needs.
Sai Sanjeevini Multi Speciality Hospitals a unit of Singapanga Healthcare Pvt. Ltd has been providing health services to people in need for the last 14 years. We believe that medicine and personal care are a great combination to help people recover faster and better. It is the best diabetes clinic in Hyderabad.